Saudi Gazette/ TECHNOLOGY

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Monday November 30, 2020 / 15 , Rabi' ath-thani , 1442

TECHNOLOGY

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Not much data exists about the number of trees found in desert regions. — courtesy Unsplash

November 1, 2020

Satellites are mapping out every tree on Earth using AI

By Rosie FrostScientists have mapped 1.8 billion individual tree canopies across millions of kilometers of the Sahel and Sahara regions of West Africa. It is the first time ever that trees have been mapped in detail over such a large area.So how was it possible? Researchers analyzed a huge database of satellite images using artificial intelligence. They employed neural networks, which are able to recognize objects, like trees, based on ...

On the right is a porous anodized aluminum oxide membrane. The left side shows the same membrane after coating it with a thin layer of gold, making the membrane conductive for electrochemical gas gating. — courtesy Felice Frankel

October 24, 2020

A controllable membrane to pull carbon dioxide out of exhaust streams

By David L. ChandlerA new system developed by chemical engineers at MIT could provide a way of continuously removing carbon dioxide from a stream of waste gases, or even from the air. The key component is an electrochemically assisted membrane whose permeability to gas can be switched on and off at will, using no moving parts and relatively little energy.The membranes themselves, made of anodized aluminum oxide, have a honeycomb-like ...

Helen Schwerdt, a postdoc in Ann Graybiel's lab, builds ultrathin probes (blue) that target brain microstructures with pinpoint accuracy. — courtesy photo: Michael D. Spencer

October 17, 2020

Scientists uncover new clues about Parkinson’s disease

By Jennifer MichalowskiAs the brain processes information, electrical charges zip through its circuits and neurotransmitters pass molecular messages from cell to cell. Both forms of communication are vital, but because they are usually studied separately, little is known about how they work together to control our actions, regulate mood, and perform the other functions of a healthy brain.Neuroscientists in Ann Graybiel’s laboratory at MIT’s McGovern Institute for Brain Research are ...

This image shows a cutaway rendering of SPARC, a compact, high-field, DT burning tokamak, currently under design by a team from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Commonwealth Fusion Systems. Its mission is to create and confine a plasma that produces net fusion energy. — courtesy CFS/MIT-PSFC — CAD Rendering by T. Henderson

October 3, 2020

Validating the physics behind the new MIT-designed fusion experiment

David L. ChandlerTwo and a half years ago, MIT entered into a research agreement with startup company Commonwealth Fusion Systems to develop a next-generation fusion research experiment, called SPARC, as a precursor to a practical, emissions-free power plant.Now, after many months of intensive research and engineering work, the researchers charged with defining and refining the physics behind the ambitious tokamak design have published a series of papers summarizing the progress ...

Artistic impression of electric conduction and superconductor proximity effect in a heated graphene bolometer. — courtesy Heikka Valja.

September 30, 2020

IQM staff publishes a quantum-computer breakthrough in Nature

ESPOO, Finland — Prof. Mikko Möttönen's university research group and collaborators have engineered a fast and ultra-sensitive nanoscale bolometer that detects very faint microwave radiation. In fact, the radiation detected is so weak that heating up a cup of coffee at room temperature, for 1°C in a microwave oven would have taken 50 septillion times more energy. That is a 5 followed by 25 zeroes."The device is so tiny; it ...

3D artistic illustration of the wide-field-of-view metalens capturing a 180° panorama of MIT’s Killian Court and producing a high-resolution monochromatic flat image.” Credits: Mikhail Shalaginov, Tian Gu, Christine Daniloff, Felice Frankel, Juejun Hu

September 26, 2020

Engineers produce a fisheye lens that’s completely flat

By Jennifer ChuTo capture panoramic views in a single shot, photographers typically use fisheye lenses — ultra-wide-angle lenses made from multiple pieces of curved glass, which distort incoming light to produce wide, bubble-like images. Their spherical, multipiece design makes fisheye lenses inherently bulky and often costly to produce.Now engineers at MIT and the University of Massachusetts at Lowell have designed a wide-angle lens that is completely flat. It is the ...

This artistic impression depicts Venus. Astronomers at MIT, Cardiff University, and elsewhere may have observed signs of life in the atmosphere of Venus. — courtesy ESO (European Space Organization)/M. Kornmesser & NASA/JPL/Caltech

September 20, 2020

Astronomers may have found a signature of life on Venus

By Jennifer Chu The search for life beyond Earth has largely revolved around our rocky red neighbor. NASA has launched multiple rovers over the years, with a new one currently en route, to sift through Mars’ dusty surface for signs of water and other hints of habitability.Now, in a surprising twist, scientists at MIT, Cardiff University, and elsewhere have observed what may be signs of life in the clouds of ...

This artist's concept illustrates a hierarchical scheme for merging black holes. LIGO and Virgo recently observed a black hole merger with a final mass of 142 times that of the sun, making it the largest of its kind observed in gravitational waves to date. — courtesy LIGO/Caltech/MIT/R. Hurt (IPAC)

September 18, 2020

A ‘bang’ in LIGO and Virgo detectors signals most massive gravitational-wave source yet

By Jennifer ChuFor all its vast emptiness, the universe is humming with activity in the form of gravitational waves. Produced by extreme astrophysical phenomena, these reverberations ripple forth and shake the fabric of space-time, like the clang of a cosmic bell.Now researchers have detected a signal from what may be the most massive black hole merger yet observed in gravitational waves. The product of the merger is the first clear ...

Using four cameras mounted on a dog-like robot developed by Boston Dynamics, the researchers have shown that they can measure skin temperature, breathing rate, pulse rate, and blood oxygen saturation in healthy patients, from a distance of 2 meters. — Courtesy of the researchers

September 9, 2020

Robot takes contact-free measurements of patients’ vital signs

By Anne TraftonDuring the current coronavirus pandemic, one of the riskiest parts of a health care worker’s job is assessing people who have symptoms of COVID-19. Researchers from MIT, Boston Dynamics, and Brigham and Women’s Hospital hope to reduce that risk by using robots to remotely measure patients’ vital signs.The robots, which are controlled by a handheld device, can also carry a tablet that allows doctors to ask patients about ...

The new Instagram feature will let users record and edit 15-second videos with audio, and will let users add visual effects. Users will be able to share Reels with followers on Instagram in a dedicated section called Reels in Explore. — Courtesy photo

August 6, 2020

Facebook launches its new TikTok clone, Instagram Reels

WASHINGTON — Facebook Inc.’s Instagram photo-sharing app is launching its clone of TikTok in more than 50 countries. The new Instagram feature will let users record and edit 15-second videos with audio, and will let users add visual effects. Users will be able to share Reels with followers on Instagram in a dedicated section called Reels in Explore.It will be embedded into Instagram in the United States and elsewhere, the ...

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