World

India’s Silicon Valley faces man-made water crisis

March 17, 2018
Tankers deliver water to apartments in Bangalore, India, in this Feb.27, 2018 file photo. — AFP
Tankers deliver water to apartments in Bangalore, India, in this Feb.27, 2018 file photo. — AFP

BANGALORE, India — Every day more than 1,000 water tankers rumble past Nagraj’s small plywood store in Bangalore, throwing up clouds of dust as they rush their valuable cargo to homes and offices in India’s drought-stricken tech hub.

Gleaming new apartment blocks are still springing up all over the city known as India’s Silicon Valley — even though there is nowhere near enough mains water to supply those already living and working there.

Many rely entirely on supplies shipped in by tankers filled from giant bore wells that have caused groundwater levels to plummet, sparking predictions Bangalore could be the first Indian city to run out of water.

“There is a severe scarcity of water here,” said Nagraj, 30, who moved to the suburban neighborhood of Panathur a decade ago and has seen it transformed by rampant construction.

“The future will be very difficult. It is impossible to imagine how they will find water, how they will live. Even if we dig 1,500 feet (450 meters) down, we are not getting water.”

Panathur lies next to Bangalore’s biggest lake, Bellandur, which provides a poignant reminder that things weren’t always like this.

Once known as India’s garden city for its lush green parks, Bangalore was built around a series of lakes created to form rainwater reservoirs and prevent the precious resource from draining away.

Many have now been concreted over to build apartment blocks with names like Dream Acres and Strawberry Fields to house the workers who have flocked here during India’s outsourcing boom.

Many of those that remain are heavily polluted. Bellandur has become so toxic it spontaneously catches fire, and emits clouds of white froth so large authorities have had to build barriers to keep it from spilling onto the road.

“The city is dying,” says T.V. Ramachandra, an ecologist with the Indian Institute of Science who has predicted the Karnataka state capital could be the first Indian city to follow Cape Town in running out of water.

“If the current trend of growth and urbanization is allowed (to continue), by 2020, 94 percent of the landscape will be concretized.”

Already, more than half of Bangalore’s estimated 10 million inhabitants have to rely on bore wells and tankers for their water because there isn’t enough mains supply to go round.

Most of the city’s municipal water is supplied by the Cauvery river, whose waters flow through Karnataka and neighboring Tamil Nadu state before emptying into the Bay of Bengal, and have been bitterly disputed for more than a century.

Two years ago, an order to release extra water from the river to ease a shortage threatening crops in Tamil Nadu sparked deadly protests in Bangalore that forced hundreds of companies to close.

Last month the Supreme Court stepped in, altering the river-sharing arrangement in Karnataka’s favor citing Bangalore’s dire need.

Ecologist Ramachandra says Bangalore has enough annual rainfall to provide water for its estimated 10 million people without resorting to bore wells or rivers — if only it could harvest the resource more effectively.

“If there is a water crisis, we should not think about river diversion. We should think about how to retain the water,” he said, blaming “fragmented, uncoordinated governance” for the crisis. — AFP


March 17, 2018
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